The Fluid Friction Apparatus enables detailed investigation of flow, flow measurement techniques, and losses in various pipes and fittings. The apparatus has three water circuits, including instruments, pipes, and fittings, with a different valve on each circuit. The valve is located downstream of each circuit to avoid upstream turbulence. The innermost of the three circuits has interchangeable parts, including orifices, venturis, pitots, rough pipes, and filters. A removable, space-saving vertical panel holds all pipes and fittings for easy access. To measure the pressure loss in each section, students use a manometer set and a differential pressure gauge (included). To adjust the reference water level in the manometer set pipe, students connect a hand pump (included) to an air valve above the pipe. To conduct the experiment, students set up a hydraulic table to pump water through the circuits and measure the pressure loss through the pipes and fittings. They also discover the losses caused by rapid expansion and contraction. Several pipe sections have different diameters to show how this affects the pressure loss. The Venturi flowmeter and orifice plate apparatus show students two common methods of measuring water flow. They also give applications of Bernoulli's equations for incompressible fluid flow. Students use them to measure flow and compare the losses of each method. The device also includes a pitot-static tube. By passing the pitot tube through the pipe diameter, students can find the velocity distribution and flow coefficient. They also find the relationship between flow and pressure difference. Artificially rough pipes allow students to study the friction coefficient under different Reynolds numbers.
1.2 Product Features
1. The product has excellent electrical safety performance, excellent waterproof design and grounding reliability. 2. The product design is beautiful and simple in structure. 3. The product adopts anti-corrosion measures and solid materials, which are strong and durable, greatly extending the service life of the product. 4. The product has rich experimental modules and can complete test tasks under various conditions.
2. Technical specifications
2.1 Technical parameters
Power supply parameters: AC220V Water pump parameters: Power 320W; Flow rate 105L/min; Head 10m Liquid level column measurement range: 0~800mmH2O Pressure gauge measurement range: 0~25 Water tank capacity: 40L Working environment conditions: Ambient temperature: 10℃～30℃ Relative humidity ＜75% (25℃).
